Publication Ethics
Image Manipulation Policy
Indo Global Journal of Commerce and Economics is committed to ensuring the accuracy, authenticity, and integrity of all visual data published in its journals. Authors must present images, figures, photographs, micrographs, gels, blots, and other visual materials honestly and without misleading manipulation. Only minimal image adjustments that improve clarity — such as uniform changes to brightness, contrast, or colour balance — are permitted, provided they do not alter, obscure, enhance, remove, or misrepresent the original data. Any adjustments must be applied consistently across the entire image and must not affect the scientific interpretation of the results.
The Following Practices Are Strictly Prohibited:
- Adding, removing, moving, or altering features within an image.
- Selective enhancement or suppression of specific image elements.
- Manipulating images to misrepresent research findings.
- Using the same image to represent different experiments or datasets without proper disclosure.
- Creating or submitting fabricated, misleading, or AI-generated images as original research data without appropriate disclosure and editorial approval.
The Editorial Office may request original, unprocessed image files or raw data at any stage of the review or publication process to verify the authenticity of submitted figures.
Actions for Suspected or Confirmed Image Manipulation
- Requesting clarification or replacement of the affected images.
- Rejecting the manuscript.
- Retracting or correcting a published article, where necessary.
- Notifying the authors' affiliated institution(s) or relevant authorities, if appropriate.
- Restricting future submissions from the author(s) in cases of serious or repeated misconduct.
IGJCE expects all authors to maintain the highest standards of research integrity by ensuring that all visual materials accurately represent the original research and comply with accepted ethical and scientific practices.
